Cisco Certified Network Associate The CCNA certification indicates a foundation in and apprentice knowledge of networking for the small office/home office (SOHO) market. CCNA certified professionals can design, install, and administer small local area networks (LANs) with 100 nodes or fewer. The Cisco program focuses on computer hardware. Exams are given by Cisco and certification is recognized internationally.
academic.cuesta.org/ballen/networking/tnd.html
The entry-level operational credential offered by Cisco Systems. Applicants must be able to manage smaller LANs or WANs, simple routed LAN or LANE environments, or small ISPs. There is one exam for this certification.
www.leapit.com/html/cert_essentials/glossary.htm
CCNA stands for Cisco Certified Network Associate, and is one of the base certifications provided by Cisco Systems, Inc. It is a fairly commonly-held certification and certainly is the most common amongst Cisco's.
Exam Information
(test codes current as of February, 2004)
A CCNA candidate must prove familiarity & expertise with Cisco's IOS, TCP/IP, LAN and WAN management, routing and routing protocols, the OSI model, LAN troubleshooting, and be familiar with a variety of network protocols, some Cisco-specific and some not.
The test (Cisco code 640-801) is computer-administered and is 60 questions over 90 minutes and is adaptive; the test will quickly ascertain which areas an examinee is weak on and focus on those. The test includes multiple choice questions (including many multiple-answer questions, i.e. 'which three of these five options'), matching questions, and simulated 'lab' questions that provide a virtual network consisting of several routers and switches to test troubleshooting skills.
The certification is good for three years; at that time a CCNA holder must either re-take the certification exam or take an exam for one of the Professional or Specialist level certifications, such as CCNP. At one point, the CCNA re-certification exam was different than the CCNA exam, but this seems to be no longer the case
I found this article on CCNA which I thought was quite useful :-
From the CCNA to the CCIE, ISDN is one of the most important technolgies you'll work with. It's also very common in the field; ISDN is frequently used as a backup connection in case an organization's Frame Relay connections go down. Therefore, it's important to know ISDN basics not only for your particular exam, but for job success.
ISDN is used between two Cisco routers that have BRI or PRI interfaces. Basically, with ISDN one of the routers places a phone call to the other router. It is vital to understand not only what causes one router to dial another, but what makes the link go down.
Why? Since ISDN is basically a phone call from one router to another, you're getting billed for that phone call -- by the minute. If one of your routers dials another, and never hangs up, the connection can theoretically last for days or weeks. The network manager then receives an astronomical phone bill, which leads to bad things for everyone involved!
Cisco routers use the concept of interesting traffic to decide when one router should call another. By default, there is no interesting traffic, so if you don't define any, the routers will never call each other.
Interesting traffic is defined with the dialer-list command. This command offers many options, so you can tie interesting traffic down not only to what protocols can bring the link up, but what the source, destination, or even port number must be for the line to come up.
One common misconception occurs once that link is up. Interesting traffic is required to bring the link up, but by default, any traffic can then cross the ISDN link.
What makes the link come down? Again, the concept of interesting traffic is used. Cisco routers have an idle-timeout setting for their dialup interfaces. If interesting traffic does not cross the link for the amount of time specified by the idle-timeout, the link comes down. _________________ Free MusicCpopServer Definition
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